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In long-term care and other residential settings, make decisions regarding patient placement on a case-by-case basis considering infection risks to other patients in the room and available alternatives. In acute care hospitals, if single rooms are not available, utilize the recommendations for alternative patient placement considerations in the Guideline for Isolation Precautions. Ensure appropriate patient placement in a single room if possible.Source control: put a mask on the patient.Prioritize cleaning and disinfection of the rooms of patients on contact precautions ensuring rooms are frequently cleaned and disinfected (e.g., at least daily or prior to use by another patient if outpatient setting) focusing on frequently-touched surfaces and equipment in the immediate vicinity of the patient.If common use of equipment for multiple patients is unavoidable, clean and disinfect such equipment before use on another patient. Use disposable or dedicated patient-care equipment (e.g., blood pressure cuffs).Don clean PPE to handle the patient at the transport location. Remove and dispose of contaminated PPE and perform hand hygiene prior to transporting patients on Contact Precautions. When transport or movement is necessary, cover or contain the infected or colonized areas of the patient’s body. Donning PPE upon room entry and properly discarding before exiting the patient room is done to contain pathogens. Wear a gown and gloves for all interactions that may involve contact with the patient or the patient’s environment.
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Use personal protective equipment (PPE) appropriately, including gloves and gown.In ambulatory settings, place patients requiring contact precautions in an exam room or cubicle as soon as possible. In long-term and other residential settings, make room placement decisions balancing risks to other patients. Ensure appropriate patient placement in a single patient space or room if available in acute care hospitals.Skin/coat of another animal or person that has been contaminated by the original sourceįor example, handling one animal and then petting another animal without washing one’s hands results in indirect contact between the two animals.Indirect contact transmission (fomite transmission) results from the physical transfer of micro-organisms from the original animal (or human) source to a new host, without direct contact between the two. Two examples of Direct Contact Transmission Infectious organisms present in the animal’s wound can be transmitted to staff.Staff member’s hands that touch a wound on an animal may result in transmission of opportunistic pathogens from the normal microorganisms of the person’s hands.Two dogs in an outdoor pen that come into direct contact when they sniff each other may transmit pathogens present in their noses or perineal areas.
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Direct contact transmission involves direct body surface-to-body surface contact resulting in the physical transfer of microorganisms from an infected or colonized animal.It can be divided into direct and indirect contact transmission. This is the most important and frequent mode of transmission of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs).